Determination of Safety Integrity Level (SIL) using LOPA method in the Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) of Hydrogen unit

Petrochemical plants are high risk, high parameter, and high-energy units, with the potential risks of fire, explosion and poisoning. The severe accidents at Bhopal, Mexico City, Samton, Brazil, Panipat, Mumbai and many others have increased the public awareness of the health, property and environmental risks posed by chemical installations. The recent years have seen a convergence of scenario-based Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies, Layer of Protection Analyses (LOPAs), and Safety Integrity Level (SIL) determinations.